Stimulants: Definition, Pharmacology, Indications, Side Effects, and Treatment Strategies

This neuropsychopharmacotherapy chapter on stimulants covers the definition, classification, and list of products. It discusses the pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of the main stimulant classes and formulations, including methylphenidate, amphetamine, and modafinil. Treatment, monitoring, and maintenance strategies and indications, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, hyperkinetic disorder, and disorders of wakefulness, as well as augmentation strategies in specific populations, are reviewed. Consideration of comorbid conditions including mood, developmental, and substance use disorders, and physical conditions including pregnancy is discussed, as well as side effects, interactions, and contraindications of stimulant medications.

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Authors and Affiliations

1. Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA Petra Steinbuchel & Laurence Greenhill

1. Petra Steinbuchel