- E — FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02 — HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D — FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00 — Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/02 — Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
- E02D31/025 — Draining membranes, sheets or fabric specially adapted therefor, e.g. with dimples
- B — PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01 — PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D — SEPARATION
- B01D39/00 — Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/08 — Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material
- C — CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02 — TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F — TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00 — Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001 — Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
- E — FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02 — HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D — FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00 — Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/10 — Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against soil pressure or hydraulic pressure
- E02D31/12 — Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against soil pressure or hydraulic pressure against upward hydraulic pressure
- B — PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01 — PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D — SEPARATION
- B01D2201/00 — Details relating to filtering apparatus
- B01D2201/30 — Filter housing constructions
- B01D2201/301 — Details of removable closures, lids, caps, filter heads
- C — CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02 — TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F — TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00 — Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/001 — Runoff or storm water
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of waterproofing systems and more particularly to systems for preventing the accumulation of water around foundations and provides a cost-effective drainage system to remove water away from foundation walls in new construction and in existing buildings and homes.
- the present invention also relates to the field of water management in general.
- a well-known problem in homes and buildings is seepage of water into the basement, especially following periods of heavy precipitation. This seepage frequently accumulates on the walls and floor line of the basement and, if not controlled, can cause substantial damage to the interior basement walls and to the contents therein.
- This water seepage is cause by hydrostatic pressure saturating the soil and “pushing” its way through basement cracks and porous building materials such as concrete block, poured cement walls, and cracked basement slabs. All these building materials are susceptible to percolation and seepage of water through the building structure itself and into the interior portion of the structure.
- U.S. Pat. No. 8,820,013 discloses a plate that spans a space between a bleeder hole in a wall and a drainage trench in a floor adjacent the wall.
- the plate includes a base and a wall extension, substantially perpendicular to one another.
- the base extends from a point proximate to the wall to the trench where the base and the wall extensions are spaced apart from the floor and the wall, respectively.
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,836,115 discloses a system and method for preventing the accumulation of water below and about a building, the building having a foundation built on disturbed soil, which is in turn surrounded by undisturbed soil and the foundation extending to a depth.
- the system includes at least one trench section about the foundation, the trench being at least as deep as the disturbed soil about the foundation and having sides and a bottom.
- U.S. Pat. No. 6,550,190 discloses a method for draining accumulated moisture from the juncture between a wall and footing of a foundation. The method comprises excavating a channel into the floor adjacent to the wall into which a drainage conduit is placed. The drainage conduit is wrapped with a wicking fabric to draw moisture into and along the drainage conduit for conveying to a moisture collection reservoir.
- U.S. Pat. No. 6,904,723 discloses a waterproofing and humidity control system provided for a building, which includes drain members located in trenches provided in ground beneath and adjacent the basement of the building.
- curtain drains have been used for water management throughout the world, however, they have been very expensive to install. Typical curtain drains are dug 12′′ to 3′ wide. After excavation is completed, the ditch is lined with filter fabric and French drains are installed. The entire hole is then filled with clean, washed stone. Clean washed stone is very expensive causing typical curtain drains to be too expensive to use in many situations. In most curtain drains, only the first few inches behind the filter fabric gets wet proving that only a few inches of gravel is needed to effectively drain the water and manage the moisture content of the soil.
- the present invention provides a much improved waterproofing drainage system that accomplishes all the above mentioned necessary benefits and more.
- the general purpose of the present invention is to provide a new and improved system for eliminating water seepage into foundation walls which has all the advantages of the prior art and none of the disadvantages.
- the objectives of the invention are to:
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the use of the present invention after complete installation and how it works in new or existing homes or structures.
- FIG. 2 shows front view of the present invention in one embodiment.
- FIG. 3 shows side view of the present invention in one embodiment.
- FIG. 4 shows a rear diagonal view of the present invention in one embodiment.
- FIG. 5 shows a bottom view of the present invention in one embodiment.
- FIG. 6 shows an additional angled bottom view of the present invention in one embodiment.
- FIG. 7 shows the beginning of installation using the present invention in one embodiment.
- FIG. 8 shows the next step of installation using the present invention in one embodiment.
- FIG. 9 shows the next step of installation using the present invention in one embodiment.
- FIG. 10 shows the next step of installation using the present invention in one embodiment.
- FIG. 11 shows the next step of installation using the present invention in one embodiment.
- FIG. 12 shows the next step of installation using the present invention in one embodiment.
- FIG. 13 shows the next step of installation using the present invention in one embodiment.
- FIG. 14 shows the side view of completed installation after using the present invention in one embodiment.
- FIG. 15 shows a perspective view of another method of installation of the use of the present invention after complete installation and how it works in existing homes or structures.
- FIG. 16 shows a perspective view of an additional installation to incorporate under slab water removal into the system.
- FIG. 17 shows a closer view of FIG. 16 .
- the present invention provides water management in general.
- the waterproofing drainage system is efficiently used for eliminating water seepage into walls.
- the system is also used to cost-effectively turn wet, swampy areas with massive amounts of ground water into usable land for agriculture, construction, or septic systems.
- the purpose of the invention is to provide a user friendly, easy to install drainage apparatus that is extremely cost effective.
- the present invention describes a waterproofing drainage system 10 as shown in FIG. 1 , to be installed in building structures with foundation walls for eliminating water seepage into walls leading to mold, mildew, and high humidity levels.
- the waterproofing drainage system will be referred as “system” for future references in different embodiments of the present invention.
- surface water 6 and ground water 5 enters the wall of clean washed stone 3 protected by large continuous filter fabric 4 and flows freely by gravity to the French drain 1 in order to exit the foundation wall 2 .
- the forms 7 used to install the system are of varied sizes to accommodate any type of foundation offset and are not limited to any specified dimension.
- the form 7 consists of a lid 9 that closes to protect the inside of the form from unwanted soil that creates hydrostatic pressure and opens to allow gravel 3 to be “funneled” behind the form to allow any water to escape rapidly.
- the lid pivots on a continuous heavy duty piano hinge 8 and is also used to hold the filter fabric 4 in place during installation of system.
- FIG. 3 a side view of the described form 7 used is shown with the piano hinge 8 , the lid 9 that opens and closes, and one of the handles 10 that serves as a lid 9 support, a handle 10 to move or pull forms by hand, or the handle 10 can be used to pull 25 forms with chain and equipment when needed. Smaller versions of the described form can also be fabricated so no equipment is needed for noncommercial use.
- a rear diagonal view is shown in the form 7 which, on the rear side of the form, shows a beveled or a curved top and bottom 11 to prevent damage to the waterproofing membrane on foundation wall 2 during removal.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 which shows different views from the bottom of form 7 with the lid 9 being open.
- the form 7 is designed to allow easy passage of gravel 3 behind the form and unrestricted removal of form 7 from backfilled soil leaving the uniform wall of gravel 3 .
- FIG. 6 shows another perspective view of the handles 10 used for lid 9 support, manual moving or pulling of forms, and/or removal of forms using a chain or rope with heavy equipment.
- FIG. 7 shows the first step in the installation process.
- the form 7 is positioned against the foundation wall 2 and on top of the gravel 3 surrounding the French Drain 1 .
- a large piece 10 of filter fabric 4 (typically 12′ tall or enough to reach top of foundation wall) is placed against the form 7 , covering all gravel 3 surrounding French drain 1 , lid 9 is then opened, and excess filter fabric 4 is placed inside the form 7 .
- the lid 9 is then closed which holds the filter fabric 4 in place to prepare for backfill.
- This figure does not limit the French drain 1 in its position. It may also be installed beside the footing of the foundation. This figure does not limit the type of drain used.
- the 4′′ French drain is typical.
- the next step in the installation is shown.
- the backfill 13 is then placed against form 7 which is holding the filter fabric 4 in place with the closed lid 9 .
- Backfill 13 is added in 6-8′′ lifts according to specified building code or engineered requirements and compacted when foundation walls are sufficiently reinforced. This process is continued until the top of the flat portion of the form 7 is reached.
- the lid 9 on the form 7 is then opened, pivoting on the piano hinge 8 , and the filter fabric 4 is pulled out from inside the form 7 and laid on top of the backfill 13 .
- the opened lid 9 also serves as an extended “funnel” for the gravel 3 to be easily installed.
- the handles 10 being open in their design, do not restrict the flow of gravel 3 into 25 the inside of form 7 and against the foundation wall 2 .
- the gravel 3 is then dumped or poured on top of lid 9 funneling it behind the form 7 and against the foundation wall 2 . This is continued until top of form 7 is reached. At this point the gravel 3 is approximately the same height of the backfill 13 .
- a chain or rope can be hooked to the handles/lid supports 10 on the form, then attached to heavy equipment (if desired) and pulled out of the backfill 13 leaving a 4′′ wall of gravel 3 and compacted backfill 13 separated by filter fabric 4 as shown in FIG. 11 .
- smaller forms 7 can be used in order to remove forms 7 manually.
- FIG. 12 shows the next step in the installation process.
- the form 7 is placed on top the existing wall of gravel 3 and filter fabric 4 is pulled off top of backfill 13 , up the front of the form 7 , and placed inside of form 7 again.
- the lid 9 is then closed, holding the filter cloth 4 in place.
- the next series of backfill 13 is installed in 6-8′′ lifts until the top of the flat portion of the form 7 is reached.
- the lid 9 of the form 7 is then opened and the excess filter fabric 4 is removed and laid on top of the backfill 13 again.
- Gravel 3 is 10 then poured on top of lid 9 funneling it behind the form 7 .
- FIG. 14 shows a typical completed system installed showing the compacted backfill 13 and the 4′′ wall of gravel 3 separated by filter fabric 4 . Soil or silt will never clog the system due to its design keeping the soil beside the system instead of being on top.
- the filter fabric 4 which extends from the bottom of the French drain 1 , all the way to the top of grade and around top of gravel wall 3 also restricts silt or soil from entering the system.
- FIG. 15 shows another very effective installation procedure of the system in existing older homes with foundations that are not properly reinforced.
- Excavation of the foundation is completed approximately 3-4′ away from foundation wall typically all the way to the bottom of the footing (minimum 4′′ below top of basement slab). This significantly reduces lateral pressure on the structure caused by excavation and mechanical compaction which results in a significantly reduced risk of damaging fragile foundation walls that are not properly reinforced.
- An impermeable membrane 15 (recommend 20 mil reinforced poly) is installed behind the system and then attached to the foundation wall 2 .
- the grade under the impermeable membrane near the top of grade 16 is sloped so that surface water 6 will filter through the gravel 3 , enter the system, and rapidly exit the perimeter of the foundation.
- the installation process is the same with the exception of the top of grade.
- Extra gravel 3 is used at the top the system to capture additional surface water 6 from possible overflowed gutters or clogged downspouts.
- Surface water 6 is properly drained because no settlement can take place due to the undisturbed soil 17 and self-compacting gravel 3 10 surrounded by filter fabric 4 .
- this method of installation eliminates need to use bracing on inside of foundation wall to ensure pressure from excavation and compaction does not damage the foundation, eliminates the need to remove old waterproofing membrane which is very labor intensive, eliminates need to prepare walls for new waterproofing membrane which includes repairing any holes in foundation wall and pressure cleaning wall to ensure proper bonding of waterproofing agent.
- this method of installation of the system eliminates need of expensive waterproofing membrane (tar or asphalt emulsion) and the need of sealing under and around porches or decks with new block walls.
- This method of installation of the system is very cost efficient. The cost to properly repair existing homes with wet basements (from the exterior) is reduced by approximately 50% meaning that no company can repair existing homes with wet basements as cost effectively as this method. This method is proven effective after being installed on an older home. After thirteen inches of rain in seven days, the basement, which before flooded badly in minor rains, remained bone dry after a record breaking week of rain.
- any water that rises 18 under an existing or new slab 19 also be removed through installation of pipes (PVC or aka weep holes) 20 at the base of the foundation wall 2 .
- PVC pipes 20 are installed around the perimeter base of a foundation wall 2 on top of the footing 21 , and into the typical gravel bed under a foundation slab 22 .
- This system is far superior to interior systems in every way possible. This system removes all water before it gets to the foundation wall. On interior systems, some water is also left on the top of the footing because of high and low spots on the average footing. In basements with finished living area, the floor covering and wall covering have to be removed in order to install interior systems. Interior systems cannot remedy wet or damp basement walls. The system eliminates the need for sump pumps in the basement reducing energy costs, noise, and the expense of purchasing dehumidifiers. The system makes the basement healthier and eliminates the need of covering basement walls with white plastic or panels that drain water into interior systems.
- Covering block foundation walls with an impermeable barrier keeps all the moisture inside the block walls where it becomes stagnant, never allowing the block walls to dry out which can corrode foundation walls over time due to acidic rain water.
- the system preserves the foundation walls, inside and out, in a completely dry state. This system is also easy to install and averages approximately half the cost of interior waterproofing systems while maintaining an average 30% profit margin for the installation company who is properly trained with sufficient forms.
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Abstract
A water management system provides much improved waterproofing drainage system particularly, but not limited to foundations, new or existing. The includes a form, clean washed stone, soil separating filter cloth, backfilling soil, and drainage pipe to drain out all water away from the structure. This system is easily installed and creates an even “wall” of gravel around structural walls minimizing the costs of materials making it very cost-effective. This system removes all hydrostatic pressure from structural walls eliminating the cause of water infiltration to the interior of basement walls. Water infiltration in basement walls results in mold, mildew, high humidity, and poor air quality.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a divisional application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/099,006 filed on Apr. 14, 2016, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/207,967 filed on Aug. 21, 2015, for “Parks' Free-Flowing Waterproofing System.”
The present invention relates to the field of waterproofing systems and more particularly to systems for preventing the accumulation of water around foundations and provides a cost-effective drainage system to remove water away from foundation walls in new construction and in existing buildings and homes. The present invention also relates to the field of water management in general.
A well-known problem in homes and buildings is seepage of water into the basement, especially following periods of heavy precipitation. This seepage frequently accumulates on the walls and floor line of the basement and, if not controlled, can cause substantial damage to the interior basement walls and to the contents therein.
This water seepage is cause by hydrostatic pressure saturating the soil and “pushing” its way through basement cracks and porous building materials such as concrete block, poured cement walls, and cracked basement slabs. All these building materials are susceptible to percolation and seepage of water through the building structure itself and into the interior portion of the structure.
Various prior art has disclosed waterproofing drainage systems. U.S. Pat. No. 8,820,013 discloses a plate that spans a space between a bleeder hole in a wall and a drainage trench in a floor adjacent the wall. The plate includes a base and a wall extension, substantially perpendicular to one another. The base extends from a point proximate to the wall to the trench where the base and the wall extensions are spaced apart from the floor and the wall, respectively. U.S. Pat. No. 5,836,115 discloses a system and method for preventing the accumulation of water below and about a building, the building having a foundation built on disturbed soil, which is in turn surrounded by undisturbed soil and the foundation extending to a depth. The system includes at least one trench section about the foundation, the trench being at least as deep as the disturbed soil about the foundation and having sides and a bottom.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,550,190 discloses a method for draining accumulated moisture from the juncture between a wall and footing of a foundation. The method comprises excavating a channel into the floor adjacent to the wall into which a drainage conduit is placed. The drainage conduit is wrapped with a wicking fabric to draw moisture into and along the drainage conduit for conveying to a moisture collection reservoir. U.S. Pat. No. 6,904,723 discloses a waterproofing and humidity control system provided for a building, which includes drain members located in trenches provided in ground beneath and adjacent the basement of the building.
Similarly, other references, U.S. Pat. No. 5,495,696; U.S. Pat. No. 6,230,468; U.S. Pat. No. 4,943,185; and U.S. Pat. No. 5,845,456 also disclose different variations in waterproofing drainage systems.
In addition, there exists a number of patents, such as the references mentioned, relating to the field of waterproofing that attempt to provide efficient, and cost-effective drainage systems for foundations. Such patents however, fail in many areas. None of these patented systems relieve all the hydrostatic pressure from foundation walls which is the #1 cause of wet basements, failed foundations, and failed retaining walls. All the above described patents specify complicated systems which are expensive, extremely difficult to fabricate, difficult to install, and are limited to the type of basements, structures, and foundations they can be installed on. Many of these patents cause other problems, and many of them simply do not work well or last very long.
Curtain drains have been used for water management throughout the world, however, they have been very expensive to install. Typical curtain drains are dug 12″ to 3′ wide. After excavation is completed, the ditch is lined with filter fabric and French drains are installed. The entire hole is then filled with clean, washed stone. Clean washed stone is very expensive causing typical curtain drains to be too expensive to use in many situations. In most curtain drains, only the first few inches behind the filter fabric gets wet proving that only a few inches of gravel is needed to effectively drain the water and manage the moisture content of the soil.
Therefore, in light problems of the above mentioned systems and other commercially available drainage systems a new and improved system is needed that accomplishes all the following:
1. Simple to install.
2. Very cost-effective.
3. Will work correctly and efficiently for the life of the structure installed upon.
4. Keeps water outside of the walls of the home or structure keeping the foundation walls dry inside and out.
5. Lowers humidity levels in the basement creating a healthier, mold free environment.
6. Protects foundation walls from corrosion caused by acidic rain water.
7. Eliminates hydrostatic pressure.
8. Drains water from around foundation rapidly and away from structure.
9. Uses no electricity.
10. Completely maintenance free.
11. Does not require interior slab that supports base of foundation wall to be removed.
12. Can be installed on any new or existing home, building, foundation, or retaining wall, regardless of type.
13. Can be used with any type of waterproofing membrane.
14. Prolongs the life of retaining walls and foundations.
15. Will never clog with silt or dirt.
16. Makes curtain drains much more affordable.
As will be seen from the subsequent description, the preferred embodiments of the present invention overcome all the shortcomings of the prior art.
In view of the foregoing disadvantages that exist in the known types of drainage systems present in the prior art, the present invention provides a much improved waterproofing drainage system that accomplishes all the above mentioned necessary benefits and more.
The general purpose of the present invention, which will be described in greater detail, is to provide a new and improved system for eliminating water seepage into foundation walls which has all the advantages of the prior art and none of the disadvantages.
The objectives of the invention are to:
1. Provide a cost-effective, foolproof waterproofing system for the consumer.
2. Provide maintenance free, non-electrical, system that reduces energy costs.
3. Provide a system that does not require sump pumps or dehumidifiers that can cost up to $50/month just to operate.
4. Provide a much improved drainage system that can handle massive amounts of water.
5. Provide a system that removes water before it even reaches the foundation wall.
6. Provide a system that protects the waterproofing membrane from water and damage during backfill.
7. Provide a system that keeps the foundation wall dry inside and out prolonging their life.
8. Provide a system that reduces humidity levels in basement.
9. Provide a system that maintains the stability of the base of the foundation because it does not require the interior slab to be removed which in most cases, supports the base of the foundation wall.
10. Provide a system that can be installed on any structure, retaining wall, or any type of foundations, new or existing whether it be constructed with poured concrete or concrete block.
11. Provide a system that eliminates hydrostatic pressure that causes wet basements and cracked walls. Provide a system that cost-effectively removes all ground water and surface water from structures or walls rapidly.
12. Provide a system that can use any type of soil (rocky or clay) for backfill.
13. Provide a system that eliminates the need for gutters in order to protect the foundation from water infiltration through the basement walls which allows for a much broader range of architectural designs on homes and buildings.
14. Provide a system that eliminates risks of flooded basements due to clogged gutters or downspouts.
15. Provide a system that can be installed further away from older structures that are not properly reinforced to prevent damage during excavation and proper compaction.
16. Provide as system that easily incorporates under slab water removal to relieve hydrostatic pressure under basement slabs eliminating risk of water seepage up through basement floor.
17. Provide a system that exits more water than backfilling entire structure with gravel by channeling water directly to drain for less than ⅓ the cost.
18. Provide a system that doesn't allow acidic rain water to “sit” against waterproofing membrane causing it to deteriorate.
19. Provide a system that allows all ground water and surface water to reach the exit drain unrestricted.
20. Provide a system that consists of proper soil compaction and free-flowing drainage.
21. Provide a system that will work without fault for the life of the structure.
22. Provide a system that will never clog due to its design.
23. Provide a system that can efficiently lower the water table around foundation structures allowing homes to be built in more areas.
24. Provide a free-flowing system that can cut the cost of curtain drains by as much as 70%.
There has thus been outlined, rather broadly, the more important features of the invention in order that the detailed description thereof that follows may be better understood and in order that the present contribution to the art may be better appreciated.
Numerous objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon a reading of the following detailed descriptions of presently preferred, but nonetheless illustrative, embodiments of the present invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced and carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein are for the purpose of descriptions and should not be regarded as limiting.
To further clarify various aspects of some example embodiments of the present invention, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It is appreciated that the drawings depict only illustrated embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope. The invention will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying drawing in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the use of the present invention after complete installation and how it works in new or existing homes or structures.
